ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻋﻴﺔ ﻀﺎﺒﻁ ﻟﺴﻠﻁﺔ ﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻷﻤﺭ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ

ﺘﻬﺩﻑ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺭﺒﻁ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﻲ ﺒﺎﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ، ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﻭﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺘﻁﺒﻴﻘﻬﺎ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻻ ﻴﺘﻌﺴﻑ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻁﺔ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻨﻅﻤﺔ ﺘﺭﻓﻊ ﺸﻌﺎﺭ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺭﻋﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﺩ ﺘﺩﺨﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﺨﺘﻼﻑ ﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭﻫﺎ ﻷﻥ ﻤﺎ ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺽ ﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﻗﺩ ،ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻴﻌﺘﺒﺭﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺽ ﺍﻵﺨﺭ ﻤﻔﺴﺩﺓ. ﻭﻗﺩ ﺘﻭﺼﻠﺕ ﻫﺫﻩ ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻠﻨﻅﺎﻡ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻤﻲ ﻤﻭﻗﻔﺎ ﻤﺘﻤﻴﺯﺍ ﻋﻥ ، ﺍﻟﻨﻅﻡ ﺍﻷﺨﺭﻯ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺩﻯ ﺘﺩﺨل ﺍﻟﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎل ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﺤﻴﺙ ﻴﻘﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻁﺔ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺩﻭﻟﺔ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻴﻀﺒﻁﻬﺎ ﺒﻤﺠﻤﻭﻋﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻀﻭﺍﺒﻁ ﺤﺘﻰ ﻻ ﺘﺤﻴﺩ ﻭﻫﺫﺍ ﻴﺩل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺠﻭﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻭﺜﻴﻘﺔ ﺒﻴﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﻲ ﺍﻟﺫﻱ ﻴﻘﻭﻡ ،ﻋﻥ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻴﺔ ﻤﻥ ﺘﺩﺨﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﺴﺎﺱ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺭﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ ﻤﻤﺎ ﻴﺅﺩﻱ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺘﺤﻘﻴﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﻘﺭﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺴﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻴﺔ . This study aims at reflect the reality of interest between the political decision and financial activities in Islam and how to apply it without abuse power, especially since all systems raise the slogan of the well being of the people while interfering in economical life which often leads to conflicts between them in evaluating what is good and what is bad. The study resulted into fact that the Islamic economic system has a distinct view as to the intervention of state in economy to reach effective interest. It recognizes the economic power to the state but draws lines to the state in order to avoid abuse of this power. This shows the strong link between the political decisions based on realizing the legal interest and economic activity in Islam which leads to reach justice, political stability and economic development.