Raman Spectroscopic Investigation Of The Effects Of Heat-treatment And Al, Ce Or Eu Doping Concentration On Tio2 Powder Crystallization

In this paper, we study the effects of various doping elements (Aluminum, Cerium or Europium) with different contents and of heat-treatment on the structural properties of TiO2 nano-crystalline powders. The sol-gel technique was used to prepare the doped and undoped TiO2 powders. The structures of the obtained samples were investigated using Raman spectroscopy, which allowed to monitor the formation of anatase and rutile crystalline phases as a function of the annealing temperature. We have shown that all the doping elements contribute to stabilize anatase phase at high calcination temperature. Furthermore, doping with Europium was found to be the most efficient anatase phase stabilizer.