La Gouvernance Des Entreprises Publiques En Algérie

ﻣﻦ اﻷھﺪاف اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ ﻟﮭﺬا اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ھﻮ ﺗﻮﺿﯿﺢ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ اﻟﺤﻮﻛﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻔﺎءة وإدارة اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎت اﻟﻮطﻨﯿﺔ، ﻓﺤﻮﻛﻤﺔ اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎت ھﻲ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﻼﻗﺎت ﻹدارة اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ووﺿﻊ أھﺪاف ورﺻﺪ وﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ اﻷداء، ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎر أن ھﻨﺎك اﻧﻔﺼﺎل ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻜﯿﺔ واﻹدارة .ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﺳﻨﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷطﺮاف اﻷﺳﺎﺳﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻮﻛﻤﺔ وھﻲ )اﻟﻤﺴﺎھﻤﯿﻦ، اﻟﻤﺴﯿﺮﯾﻦ وأﻋﻀﺎء ﻣﺠﻠﺲ اﻹدارة (واﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺑﺪ أن ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺬي ﺗﻜﻮن ﻓﯿﮫ اﻟﻘﺮارات ذات اﻟﺒﻌﺪ اﻻﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﻲ واﻟﺘﻨﻈﯿﻤﻲ ﻣﺆﺛﺮة ﻓﻲ ﺳﻤﻌﺔ اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺟﺬب اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺜﻤﺮﯾﻦ ورأس اﻟﻤﺎل طﻮﯾﻞ اﻷﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل أﺣﻜﺎم واﺿﺤﺔ. وﻗﺪ أﻛﺪت اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﺑﺄن اﻟﺤﻮﻛﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎت اﻟﻌﻤﻮﻣﯿﺔ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮ ھﻲ ﻗﻀﯿﺔ داﺧﻠﯿﺔ ﺗﺨﺺ ﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮ أداء اﻟﺘﺴﯿﯿﺮ واﻟﻘﯿﺎدة واﻟﺘﻜﯿﻒ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺤﯿﻂ اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ ، وﯾﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﺴﺎھﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ ﺟﯿﺪة. The aim of this article is to clarify the impact of governance on the effectiveness and management of public enterprises. The governance of enterprises is a group of relations to manage an enterprise, state the goal and pursue its performance. Thus, we would reveal the basic parts related to governance such as (shareholders, managers and managing board members), that should work on a way where strategic and organizational decisions have good effects on the enterprise and therefore attract investors. This study has emphasized that the good governance of public enterprises in Algeria is an internal affair concerned with modernizing the performance of enterprises and the leadership and to keep a pace with external environment and participate in obtaining good economic results.