Evaluation Of Algerian Spontaneous Species: Phytochemical And Biological Study Of Aromatic And Medicinal Plant Marrubium Vulgare

Marrubium vulgare L. (Lamiaceae), commonly known as ‟Horehound” is a widespread mediterranean plant and use in folk medicine to cure a variety of disease. The objective of this study is to determine the antibacterial activity of flavonoids extracted from leaves of M. vulgare L. towards bacterial strains pathogenic for humans. The Phytochemical screening of dried leaves of M. vulgare revealed the presence of a high amount of flavonoids. The extraction of flavonoids by the method of Charaux and Paris (1954) gave a yield equal to 5,9%. The isolated compounds were separated by TLC and their antibacterial activity against bacterial strains was determined in vitro by disc diffusion method of Bauer and al (1966), with concentrations used (Pure flavonoids, flavonoids ½, flavonoids ¼) on Mueller-Hinton and Sabouraud medium. Comparison tests with an antibiotic, Rifampin (5μg) were also included in the trials. The results have demonstrated that the isolated extract is formed from two compounds with Rf more or less close. From the antibacterial tests of the isolated flavonic extracts, it appears that the inhibition of growth of the strains tested varies with the nature of the bacterial species, the concentration of the extract and the culture medium used. A significant antibacterial effect was observed for some strains considered among the most resistant to antibiotics such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7244 and Staphylococcus aureus. In general, the areas of inhibitions are included between 4 and 12 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7244, 0 to 14 mm for Staphylococcus aureus on Mueller-Hinton medium, 8-38 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7244 and between 0 to 6 mm for Staphylococcus aureus on Sabouraud medium. The Inhibition zones far exceed those caused by the antibiotic Rifampin.