المصادر المادية والأدبية لدراسة تاريخ بلاد ما بين النهرين

The present research delves into the prerequisite documents of the old history of Iraq starting from Sumerian races until the Persian conquest of the region in 539 B.C. Thus، the study deals with four major domains. First of all, the material remnants such as carving, pottery, and epigraphy represent the most essential material for a prehistoric study since writing had not yet been discovered. Later, with the Sumerian dynasties and the invention of writing, documents and records had become very important evidence that researchers rely on. These documents and records were written down in Sumerian and Acadian in its different dialects (Babylonian and Assyrian); it summarises the lists of Sumerian kings, Assyrian annals, as well as lists of Babylonian kings. The second domain uses the Greek and Roman classical writings about the history of the region. Next, this research makes use of the contemporary writings of the neighbouring nations of the people of Mesopotamia. Finally, the research concludes by examining the history of the region through the stories of the holy scriptur.